Cardinal McElroy received his undergraduate education at Harvard and a master’s degree in American History from Stanford in 1976. He was ordained a priest in 1980. He received a doctorate in moral theology from the Gregorian University in Rome and a doctorate in political science from Stanford in 1989, also serving the Archdiocese of San Francisco as vicar general and pastor. In 2010, he was appointed auxiliary bishop of San Francisco, and in 2015 appointed Bishop of San Diego. He was elevated to Cardinal August 27, 2022.